Of the fortifications, the fortifications of the main fortress of Maastricht and the forts of Sint-Pieter and Willem I are still intact. Remnants of the Roman enclosure built in stone have come to light at various points over time. For a long time, the base of a round tower in the courtyard of the Basilica of Our Lady was the only remaining part that could be viewed, albeit with some difficulty. Since 1981, the museum cellar Derlon on the Square of Our Lady exists, where one can see fragments of the western wall. After their discovery, the remaining remains successively disappeared under the earth or under a layer of sand. Around the old city center of Maastricht, considerable portions of the medieval walls were preserved.
The currently extant parts of the first enclosure
A. Wall section Grain Market to the starting point of the second enclosure near the Father Vinktower
- The Our Lady's Wall with a large passageway and several potterns of different sizes. The probably seventeenth century brick parapet was demolished during the restoration of the wall in the years 1975-1977 and then reconstructed with the old material. In the same years, the earthen wall behind the wall was excavated and replaced with a concrete structure.
- The Jeker Tower, built in 1911 on the original, then about 2.50m high,wall base.
- The wall section east of the Helpoort, largely reconstructed in 1906.
- The Helpoort, brick porte-cochere is not original. The wooden bay window and the large window in the rear facade date from about 1881.
- The wall section west of the Helpoort, built primarily in 1905. The two disfiguring entrance gates were installed at the time for the benefit of the Bonhomme shipping company.
- The water gate west of the Helpoort.
The two largest passages in the Onze Lieve Vrouwewal, the Helpoort and the water gate west of this gate have a slot for a portcullis.
B. Wall section in the Friars Minor Convent.
- In the small courtyard of this monastery that today houses the State Archives in Limburg, a section of the city wall was uncovered and made accessible to the public. This concerns parts of the foundation and of upstanding wallwork. In the facade of the monastery building on Sint-Pieterstraat, a breakthrough was made during the last restoration to mark the location of the first city wall.
C. Wall section Sint-Pieterstraat-Looiersgracht.
- The wall largely preserved in this sector has a flat capped wall tower at the Lang Grachtje.
D. Other wall sections
- A wall fragment on Looiersgracht, continuing inward to Lenculenstraat. The wall section on the Ezelmarkt, in fact the superstructure of an invisible watergate, has been missing its outer wall since 1910. This was demolished at the time to create a romantic' view of the Jeker here. In Café Tribunal on the corner of Lenculenstraat, the wall can still be seen.
- A substantial wall section behind Bouillonstraat and Saint Servatius Monastery. Internally, the wall is still present here in at least one place - Bouillonstraat 14. Near the former Palace of Justice on Minderbroedersberg, the base of the wall and the buttresses present there are mainly made of brick. Behind the monastery Under the Arches, the substructure of the wall has relief arches
- Wall fragments of greater or lesser significance behind the south side of the Grote Gracht. Parts of a tower were discovered during the construction of the theater at Vrijthof. An important fragment lies on public land between the Entre Deux shopping center and the buildings on the Grote Gracht
- Some pieces of wall and built-in remains of a tower behind the south side of the Little Moat.
D. The guardhouse of Our Lady's Gate on the Grain Market (1786).
Between the water gate 50 meters west of Helpoort and the west end of Tongeren Street, substantial portions of the second medieval enclosure were preserved
The preserved portions of the second enclosure are
A. Wall section north of Begijnenstraat.
- A pewter-topped wall fragment, incorporating a brick bay window. Pewter and bay window date to about 1906.
- The tower behind the Feil sisters (Father Finch Tower), restored circa 1906 and largely rebuilt.
- A water gate located north of the above tower with trench for a Fall Gate
B. Wall section Sint-Pieterstraat-Tongersestraat
- The full-length preserved wall with six circa 1550 flat capped towers.
- The wall to the left of the westernmost tower was newly built after the siege of 1673.
- The Nieuwenhof Gate, one of the smaller passages in the second city wall.
- The De Reek water gate with the entrance to a poterne in the western flanking tower.
- On the city side of the wall on Nieuwenhofstraat several bricked-up gates in addition to a staircase leading to the weather passage. A second staircase is found at the west end of Heksenstraat.
- An earthen wall located behind the wall between the Zwingelput and Tongersestraat. This is between the Zwingelput and the watergate De Reek with a brick built rampart with contreforts.
- In the western wall section, a marlstone fragment recalls a breach shot into the wall during the siege of 1673.
- A large powder cellar in the earthen wall behind the southwestern wall corner.
- A detached gunpowder magazine with bombproof vault and tiled roof near the De Reek water gate, restored in 1979-1980.
- One of the guardhouses on the city side of the Tongersgate.
- The extensively remodeled guardhouse on the city side of St. Peter's Gate
C. Wall section north of the Begijnenstraat
- The underground infantry fortress 'De Bres' (1762) located north of the flat at Sint Servaasbolwerk
- Underground portion of a generous sortie (probably constructed in the eighteenth century) behind the west side of St. Nicholas Street
- Underground portion of a generous sortie (probably constructed in the seventeenth century) behind the north side of Herbenus Street.
- Commemorative stone Tongersgate (1459).
- Name stone bastion Destombe (1855).
- Under the unloading wall of the KNP, remnants of the Biesen bastion are still visible as well as remains of the wall tower that was incorporated into the salient of this bastion
The fortifications of the New Town
Of the stronghold opposite Den Ancker, the lower part of the wall, raised in 1907, and the water gate between the stronghold and the tower behind the Feilzusters (Pater Vinktoren) remain. The defensive works of the Nieuwstad built in 1516 were preserved for the most part. Both roundels have some embrasures for light artillery. The upper part of the courtine between the two roundels and the wall above the water gate near St. Peter's Street have a number of bricked-up embrasures for firearms. The lower part of the southern wall - this is actually the foundation exposed around 1887 by excavation of the earthen berm against the wall footing - consists of disordered masonry executed mainly in brick and marl blocks.
The currently extant portions of the New Town's enclosure are:
- A fragment of the east wall, restored in 1951.
- The rondeel The Five Heads. The cross-section of the fortification is about eighteen meters. In front of the roundhouse, under the brick parapet, there are three corbels which once supported a guardhouse. A casemate was retained within the rampart. The last restoration took place in 1995-1996.
- The courtine between the two roundels, interrupted halfway by the Gate True (1888).
- The rondeel Haet ende Nijt. The defensive work has a diameter of fifteen meters. Both casemates of the work were preserved. The gun embrasures of the lower casemate were broken out into doors.
- Fragments of the wall and water gate between the rondeel Haet ende Nijt and the east side of St. Peter's Street.
Of the fortifications of Wyck we are left with
Medieval fortifications
About two-thirds of the original height of Wyck's Meuse wall remained intact. Due to numerous repairs, local reconstructions and the demolition of the upper wall section, this wall hardly bears the character of a defensive work anymore. The southern half of the wall still shows some original masonry.
The base of the tower at High Meuse Point also dates from the foundation period. The rest of the tower was erected in 1913. To the north of the tower, traces of a pottery opened in 1851 are visible On the site of the Watergate, which was demolished in 1890, the pseudo-city gate that exists today was erected in 1897.
To the east of the tower at the High Meuse Point, the foundation remains of the city wall found there have been incorporated into a park.
New defenses in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries
Of Wyck's rampart wall retained
- The substructure of the wall between the tower at High Maas Point and the Recent Tower.
- The underpinnings of the Recentors.
- The substructure of the wall over several dozen meters east of the Recentoren
- Parts of the bear south of the Recentoren
These remnants were restored in 1995 according to the plans of architect Coenen, with the choice of materials making a clear distinction between newly added elements and the original wall work. Part of the walls are included in the building complex of city library and municipal archive services.
- Memorial stone of St. Martin's outer gate (1544)
- Keystone of the new St. Martin's Gate (1783)
From the fortifications of the great Maas Islands
Retained remained
- The name stone of the Aylva bastion (1753), today located in the parkway at the corner of Aylvalaan and Sint-Hubertuslaan.
- The Randwyck name stone (1742), today displayed in the Gouvernement's reception hall.
VVof the Outdoor Works we are left with
From the period 1673-1748
- The masonry aqueduct known as the Jeker Canal was largely preserved, but is not accessible. It was last accessed during World War II with the intention of seeing if it was suitable for use as an air raid shelter.
- From the period 1685-1730 the bastions Waldeck, Holsteyn, Saxen, Fort St. Peter and four masonry mine galleries were preserved. These are the capital galleries of the bastions Brandenburg, England, Maria and Saxen.
- From the period 1741-1748, a number of corridors have survived that opened from the aforementioned main galleries
From the period 1753-1777
- Remaining from the years 1753-1771 are the left face of the works St. Peter and Wilhelmina (with name stone "Wilhelmina 1768"), part of the right face of the Staten Generaal bastion and two masonry galleries in line with the capital of the Waldeck and England bastions.
- The name stone 'Burmania 1767', presently present in the throat caponiere of the Holsteyn bastion
From the period 1773-1777 are still present
- The masonry contrescarp of the work Waldeck with caponniere behind.
- Fragments of the lunette Drenthe.
- The wall work of the works of the High Fronts between the lunette Drenthe and the work Prince Frederik is still largely present in the earth and under the buildings.
- An approximately fifteen-hectare section of the Du Moulin fronts, encompassing the Prince Frederick work (in part), the Stadhouder and Erfprins bastions, the Holsteyn and Saxen bastions, partly modernized in this period, the couvre-face Du Moulin, and in addition, most of the covered road with the lunettes Zeeland, Holland and Gelderland and the front glacis. The name stones of the works Holsteyn (reconstructed), Du Moulin, Stadhouder, Erfprins, Zeeland, Holland (partial) and Gelderland.
- All underground fortifications. These works, which have a combined length of over ten kilometers, are known as the casemates.
- The name stones 'Vroenhof 1771', 'Stad en Lande 1773′,' Bentinck 1775′, 'Overijssel 1773' and 'Louise 1775'
From the period 1815-1822 retained
- Most of the fortress King William I.
- Of the Nieuwe Bossche Fronten:
parts of bastions A and B with intervening courtine, fragments of the contrescarp wall and of a retaining wall, remains of the bear in front of the salient of bastion B with a gallery and a shaft for the operation of shot beams - the recessed caponier in line with the right flank of the Holsteyn bastion
- the casemates of bastion A and ravelins a and c.
- the vaulted passage of the South Willemsvaart
- From Fort St. Peter:
- parts of the cannon battery.
- three caponieres with their underground connecting galleries
- the mortar casemates....
Source: L.J. Morreau and J.V.H. Notermans